Digital Twins for Clinical Development: A Five-Level Framework from Prognostic Adjustment to In-Silico Trials

US & West · 2d

Digital twins are increasingly discussed in drug development, often narrowly as virtual control arms or synthetic data. We propose a broader framework for data-driven clinical digital twins, organized into five levels according to how much of the trial data matrix of baseline covariates, treatment…

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Digital Twins for Clinical Development: A Five-Level Framework from Prognostic Adjustment to In-Silico Trials

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